![]() ![]() ![]() This intergenerational transmission of violence could rely on different mechanisms, but among them, two main processes seem to be relevant. Early experiences of an abusive environment also seem to contribute to the victimization by violent partners ( Stith et al., 2000 Tyler et al., 2011 Sutton et al., 2014). (2018) pointed out that victims of child abuse and neglect are three times more likely to perpetrate similar conduct in their future relationships. (2003) showed that witnessing domestic violence between caregivers (e.g., parents and guardians) may contribute to adopting similar (dysfunctional) ways of managing conflicts with loved ones in adulthood. In a 20-year prospective study, Ehrensaft et al. In fact, children who have been exposed to, or witnessed, parental violence seem to be at higher risk of exhibiting violent behaviors toward both their partner and descendants in the future ( Rikić et al., 2017). The literature suggested the possibility of the intergenerational transmission of violence ( Black et al., 2010 Lünnemann et al., 2019). For example, the literature underlines that the exposure of children to violence, together with several other factors (e.g., lack of education and poverty), may contribute to their enactment of similar (active or passive) conducts in their interactions with others ( Kwong et al., 2003 Franklin and Kercher, 2012 Savage et al., 2014 Russell et al., 2020). Recently, numerous studies were developed to investigate this complex process also in the non-war-related traumatic experiences ( Schwerdtfeger et al., 2013 Lehrner and Yehuda, 2018 Steketee et al., 2019) such as the intergenerational transmission of violence. In this regard, several studies were conducted within the spectrum of trauma in war-related contexts, highlighting the aforementioned intergenerational transmission, for example, from the victims of the holocaust to their children and grandchildren ( Fonagy, 1999 Kellermann, 2001 Yehuda et al., 2008 Shmotkin et al., 2011 Shrira et al., 2011 Roitman, 2017). In recent decades, the intergenerational transmission of some psychological issues and difficulties such as trauma has attracted the attention of many researchers due to the process for which these difficulties “ were carried over from one generation to the next” ( Kellermann, 2001, p. ![]()
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